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Diesel Cycle – Diesel Engine In the 1890s, a German inventor,  Rudolf Diesel  has patented his invention of an efficient, slow burning, compression ignition, internal combustion engine. The original cycle proposed by Rudolf Diesel was a constant temperature cycle. In later years Diesel realized his original cycle would not work and he adopted the constant pressure cycle, which is known as the  Diesel cycle . Four Stroke Diesel Engine Diesel engines may be designed as either two stroke or four stroke cycles.The four stroke Diesel engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning a crankshaft. A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in either direction. Therefore each stroke does not correspond to single thermodynamic process given in chapter Diesel Cycle – Processes. The four stroke engine comprises: the intake stroke – The piston moves from top dead center (TDC) to bottom dead center (BDC) and the

    477. Refund of Fees :-  Subject to the provisions of Rules 478 and 479 the Secretary, State Transport Authority or the Secretaries or Additional Secretaries of the Regional Transport Authorities as the case may be, may on application, sanction the refund of: (i) the full fee paid; where the conductor’s Licence, the driving Licence or badge applied for is refused or the application for the conductor’s Licence, the driving Licence or badge is cancelled or withdrawn by the applicant before the conductor’s Licence, the driving Licence or badge, as the case may be, is actually issued and the transaction completed:- (ii) the excess, where the amount paid is in excess, of the proper fee; (iii) the full fee paid, where the fee was paid by mistake; and (iv) the full fee paid, where the notification in respect of a route issued by a Transport Authority is subsequently withdrawn for technical reasons, or where the remittance of the fee is not followed by an application for the purpose for whi

    455. Applications:-  Every application for payment of compensation made under Section 166 shall be made in Form C.I.D. and shall be accompanied by the fee prescribed three for in Rule 475. 456. Examination of the applicant :-  On receipt of an application under Rule 455 the Claims Tribunal may, examine the applicant on oath and the substance of such examination, if any, shall be reduced to writing. 457. Summary dismissal of application:-  The Claims Tribunal may after considering the application and the statement if any, of the applicant recorded under Rule 456 dismiss the application summarily. If for reasons to be recorded, it is of the opinion that there are no sufficient grounds for proceeding therewith. 458. Notice to parties involved :-  (1) If the application is not dismissed under Rule 457, the Claims Tribunal shall send to the owner of the motor vehicle involved in the accident and its insurer, a copy of the application, together with a notice of the date on which it will

    451.Insurance Certificate – Requisite condition for issue of permit :-  No permit shall be issued in respect of any transport vehicle unless it is covered with a valid certificate of insurance and satisfied the requirements of Chapter XI of the Act. 452. Insurance certificate, pre-requisite condition for payment of motor vehicles tax :-  The owner of a motor vehicle applying to pay the tax on the vehicle shall forward with the application a certificate of insurance relating to the vehicle and complying with the requirements of Chapter XI of the Act and valid,-             (a)     if the application is made prior to the commencement of the period for which the tax is tendered, on the                      first day of that period; or             (b)    if the application is made during the period for which the tax is tendered, on the date on which the                      application is made: Provided that the owner of a vehicle exempted under sub-section (2) of Section 146 shall for

  396. Weighing of vehicles :-  Police Officers not below the rank of Circle Inspector or any Officer of the Transport Department not below the rank of an Assistant Inspector of Motor Vehicles are authorised to require the weighing of goods vehicles and trailers. 397. Powers of Transport Authority to restrict speeds, weights etc.:-  The State Transport Authority and the Regional Transport Authority shall have the power:- (i)to impose speed limits ; (ii)to impose limits on the laden weight or axle weight or dimensions of motor vehicles generally or of a particular class of trailers in a specified area or in respect of any road; and (iii)to designate any road as main road : Provided that power conferred on the Regional Transport Authority by this rule shall be subject to the control of the State Transport Authority: Provided further that no limits or restrictions under Clause (ii) shall be imposed by the Regional Transport Authority without the specific concurrence of the State Transport

    310. Authorities to authorise without lamps :-  The Superintendent of Police or in the cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad, the Commissioner of Police, may by order in writing authorize the driving at night without lights, of motor vehicles registered under Section 60 of the Act, during such hours on such route or routes or in such area within his jurisdiction and subject to such conditions as may be specified in order. 311. Height form ground – Exceptions :-  The height prescribed for the obligatory front lamps of a motor vehicle under Rule 105 (3) of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 shall not apply to:- (i)the internal lighting of any motor vehicle; or (ii)any light necessary to illuminate the route board of a public service vehicle; or (iii) the red light to the vehicle conveying the Governor of Telangana; or (iv) the flinker type of red lights with purple glass fitted on the top mot position of the cabin preferably in the centre of the ambulance van used or adopted to be